Winthrop quotes

1)
The benefit of a well coordinated body is that if the body is coordinated, then all parts of the body are pulling their own weight and working together in order to finish a single common goal. This makes for a very orderly society, especially if everyone in the society is also trying to be a saint.

The metaphor of the body makes sense to the audience because, having a very biblical background, they all know that the body is symbolic for the church, which when it works together is the perfect engine. This makes it very easy for the Puritans to understand and appreciate.

Just like the body, the union of all the parts of the colony come together to create a perfect working machine that is a commonwealth or a society that prospers together.

2)
To name the colony New England meant to base the core government and ideas off of it but to make it more current and better, kind of like a colony 2.0. They did not want to completely get rid of the old ways of thinking without adding some of their own newer methods, like the first separation of church and state.

3)

The Puritans and Winthrop viewed their expedition to the new world as almost a second Exodus, drawing many parallels, such as escaping from "Egypt" (England) where they were persecuted and mocked, and coming to the new land, led by God himself and the rules he sets out for them.

4)

Winthrop viewed their landing as an example because he had such pride and assurance that it was going to go well that he was thinking that this would be the sort of "textbook" way for people to colonize the new world, and all the people wou8ld do what they did because they did such a good job.

To be a city on a hill is another bible parallel, where Jesus is on the mount and he says that Christians are to be like lights, for how can a city on a hill hide itself? Again, because of their biblical history, it is very safe to say that his audience would have easily understood this parallel and his reason behind it.